1 /* keyutil-1.2.2.js (c) 2013-2020 Kenji Urushima | kjur.github.com/jsrsasign/license
  2  */
  3 /*
  4  * keyutil.js - key utility for PKCS#1/5/8 PEM, RSA/DSA/ECDSA key object
  5  *
  6  * Copyright (c) 2013-2020 Kenji Urushima (kenji.urushima@gmail.com)
  7  *
  8  * This software is licensed under the terms of the MIT License.
  9  * https://kjur.github.io/jsrsasign/license
 10  *
 11  * The above copyright and license notice shall be 
 12  * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 13  */
 14 /**
 15  * @fileOverview
 16  * @name keyutil-1.0.js
 17  * @author Kenji Urushima kenji.urushima@gmail.com
 18  * @version jsrsasign 8.0.16 keyutil 1.2.2 (2020-May-25)
 19  * @since jsrsasign 4.1.4
 20  * @license <a href="https://kjur.github.io/jsrsasign/license/">MIT License</a>
 21  */
 22 
 23 /**
 24  * @name KEYUTIL
 25  * @class class for RSA/ECC/DSA key utility
 26  * @description 
 27  * <br/>
 28  * {@link KEYUTIL} class is an update of former {@link PKCS5PKEY} class.
 29  * {@link KEYUTIL} class has following features:
 30  * <dl>
 31  * <dt><b>key loading - {@link KEYUTIL.getKey}</b>
 32  * <dd>
 33  * <ul>
 34  * <li>supports RSAKey and KJUR.crypto.{ECDSA,DSA} key object</li>
 35  * <li>supports private key and public key</li>
 36  * <li>supports encrypted and plain private key</li>
 37  * <li>supports PKCS#1, PKCS#5 and PKCS#8 key</li>
 38  * <li>supports public key in X.509 certificate</li>
 39  * <li>key represented by JSON object</li>
 40  * </ul>
 41  * NOTE1: Encrypted PKCS#8 only supports PBKDF2/HmacSHA1/3DES <br/>
 42  * NOTE2: Encrypted PKCS#5 supports DES-CBC, DES-EDE3-CBC, AES-{128,192.256}-CBC <br/>
 43  *
 44  * <dt><b>exporting key - {@link KEYUTIL.getPEM}</b>
 45  * <dd>
 46  * {@link KEYUTIL.getPEM} method supports following formats:
 47  * <ul>
 48  * <li>supports RSA/EC/DSA keys</li>
 49  * <li>PKCS#1 plain RSA/EC/DSA private key</li>
 50  * <li>PKCS#5 encrypted RSA/EC/DSA private key with DES-CBC, DES-EDE3-CBC, AES-{128,192.256}-CBC</li>
 51  * <li>PKCS#8 plain RSA/EC/DSA private key</li>
 52  * <li>PKCS#8 encrypted RSA/EC/DSA private key with PBKDF2_HmacSHA1_3DES</li>
 53  * </ul>
 54  *
 55  * <dt><b>keypair generation - {@link KEYUTIL.generateKeypair}</b>
 56  * <ul>
 57  * <li>generate key pair of {@link RSAKey} or {@link KJUR.crypto.ECDSA}.</li>
 58  * <li>generate private key and convert it to PKCS#5 encrypted private key.</li>
 59  * </ul>
 60  * NOTE: {@link KJUR.crypto.DSA} is not yet supported.
 61  * </dl>
 62  * 
 63  * @example
 64  * // 1. loading PEM private key
 65  * var key = KEYUTIL.getKey(pemPKCS1PrivateKey);
 66  * var key = KEYUTIL.getKey(pemPKCS5EncryptedPrivateKey, "passcode");
 67  * var key = KEYUTIL.getKey(pemPKCS5PlainRsaDssEcPrivateKey);
 68  * var key = KEYUTIL.getKey(pemPKC85PlainPrivateKey);
 69  * var key = KEYUTIL.getKey(pemPKC85EncryptedPrivateKey, "passcode");
 70  * // 2. loading PEM public key
 71  * var key = KEYUTIL.getKey(pemPKCS8PublicKey);
 72  * var key = KEYUTIL.getKey(pemX509Certificate);
 73  * // 3. exporting private key
 74  * var pem = KEYUTIL.getPEM(privateKeyObj, "PKCS1PRV");
 75  * var pem = KEYUTIL.getPEM(privateKeyObj, "PKCS5PRV", "passcode"); // DES-EDE3-CBC by default
 76  * var pem = KEYUTIL.getPEM(privateKeyObj, "PKCS5PRV", "passcode", "DES-CBC");
 77  * var pem = KEYUTIL.getPEM(privateKeyObj, "PKCS8PRV");
 78  * var pem = KEYUTIL.getPEM(privateKeyObj, "PKCS8PRV", "passcode");
 79  * // 4. exporting public key
 80  * var pem = KEYUTIL.getPEM(publicKeyObj);
 81  */
 82 var KEYUTIL = function() {
 83     // *****************************************************************
 84     // *** PRIVATE PROPERTIES AND METHODS *******************************
 85     // *****************************************************************
 86     // shared key decryption ------------------------------------------
 87     var decryptAES = function(dataHex, keyHex, ivHex) {
 88         return decryptGeneral(CryptoJS.AES, dataHex, keyHex, ivHex);
 89     };
 90 
 91     var decrypt3DES = function(dataHex, keyHex, ivHex) {
 92         return decryptGeneral(CryptoJS.TripleDES, dataHex, keyHex, ivHex);
 93     };
 94 
 95     var decryptDES = function(dataHex, keyHex, ivHex) {
 96         return decryptGeneral(CryptoJS.DES, dataHex, keyHex, ivHex);
 97     };
 98 
 99     var decryptGeneral = function(f, dataHex, keyHex, ivHex) {
100         var data = CryptoJS.enc.Hex.parse(dataHex);
101         var key = CryptoJS.enc.Hex.parse(keyHex);
102         var iv = CryptoJS.enc.Hex.parse(ivHex);
103         var encrypted = {};
104         encrypted.key = key;
105         encrypted.iv = iv;
106         encrypted.ciphertext = data;
107         var decrypted = f.decrypt(encrypted, key, { iv: iv });
108         return CryptoJS.enc.Hex.stringify(decrypted);
109     };
110 
111     // shared key decryption ------------------------------------------
112     var encryptAES = function(dataHex, keyHex, ivHex) {
113         return encryptGeneral(CryptoJS.AES, dataHex, keyHex, ivHex);
114     };
115 
116     var encrypt3DES = function(dataHex, keyHex, ivHex) {
117         return encryptGeneral(CryptoJS.TripleDES, dataHex, keyHex, ivHex);
118     };
119 
120     var encryptDES = function(dataHex, keyHex, ivHex) {
121         return encryptGeneral(CryptoJS.DES, dataHex, keyHex, ivHex);
122     };
123 
124     var encryptGeneral = function(f, dataHex, keyHex, ivHex) {
125         var data = CryptoJS.enc.Hex.parse(dataHex);
126         var key = CryptoJS.enc.Hex.parse(keyHex);
127         var iv = CryptoJS.enc.Hex.parse(ivHex);
128         var encryptedHex = f.encrypt(data, key, { iv: iv });
129         var encryptedWA = CryptoJS.enc.Hex.parse(encryptedHex.toString());
130         var encryptedB64 = CryptoJS.enc.Base64.stringify(encryptedWA);
131         return encryptedB64;
132     };
133 
134     // other methods and properties ----------------------------------------
135     var ALGLIST = {
136         'AES-256-CBC':  { 'proc': decryptAES,  'eproc': encryptAES,  keylen: 32, ivlen: 16 },
137         'AES-192-CBC':  { 'proc': decryptAES,  'eproc': encryptAES,  keylen: 24, ivlen: 16 },
138         'AES-128-CBC':  { 'proc': decryptAES,  'eproc': encryptAES,  keylen: 16, ivlen: 16 },
139         'DES-EDE3-CBC': { 'proc': decrypt3DES, 'eproc': encrypt3DES, keylen: 24, ivlen: 8 },
140         'DES-CBC':      { 'proc': decryptDES,  'eproc': encryptDES,  keylen: 8,  ivlen: 8 }
141     };
142 
143     var getFuncByName = function(algName) {
144         return ALGLIST[algName]['proc'];
145     };
146 
147     var _generateIvSaltHex = function(numBytes) {
148         var wa = CryptoJS.lib.WordArray.random(numBytes);
149         var hex = CryptoJS.enc.Hex.stringify(wa);
150         return hex;
151     };
152 
153     var _parsePKCS5PEM = function(sPKCS5PEM) {
154         var info = {};
155         var matchResult1 = sPKCS5PEM.match(new RegExp("DEK-Info: ([^,]+),([0-9A-Fa-f]+)", "m"));
156         if (matchResult1) {
157             info.cipher = matchResult1[1];
158             info.ivsalt = matchResult1[2];
159         }
160         var matchResult2 = sPKCS5PEM.match(new RegExp("-----BEGIN ([A-Z]+) PRIVATE KEY-----"));
161         if (matchResult2) {
162             info.type = matchResult2[1];
163         }
164         var i1 = -1;
165         var lenNEWLINE = 0;
166         if (sPKCS5PEM.indexOf("\r\n\r\n") != -1) {
167             i1 = sPKCS5PEM.indexOf("\r\n\r\n");
168             lenNEWLINE = 2;
169         }
170         if (sPKCS5PEM.indexOf("\n\n") != -1) {
171             i1 = sPKCS5PEM.indexOf("\n\n");
172             lenNEWLINE = 1;
173         }
174         var i2 = sPKCS5PEM.indexOf("-----END");
175         if (i1 != -1 && i2 != -1) {
176             var s = sPKCS5PEM.substring(i1 + lenNEWLINE * 2, i2 - lenNEWLINE);
177             s = s.replace(/\s+/g, '');
178             info.data = s;
179         }
180         return info;
181     };
182 
183     var _getKeyAndUnusedIvByPasscodeAndIvsalt = function(algName, passcode, ivsaltHex) {
184         //alert("ivsaltHex(2) = " + ivsaltHex);
185         var saltHex = ivsaltHex.substring(0, 16);
186         //alert("salt = " + saltHex);
187         
188         var salt = CryptoJS.enc.Hex.parse(saltHex);
189         var data = CryptoJS.enc.Utf8.parse(passcode);
190         //alert("salt = " + salt);
191         //alert("data = " + data);
192 
193         var nRequiredBytes = ALGLIST[algName]['keylen'] + ALGLIST[algName]['ivlen'];
194         var hHexValueJoined = '';
195         var hLastValue = null;
196         //alert("nRequiredBytes = " + nRequiredBytes);
197         for (;;) {
198             var h = CryptoJS.algo.MD5.create();
199             if (hLastValue != null) {
200                 h.update(hLastValue);
201             }
202             h.update(data);
203             h.update(salt);
204             hLastValue = h.finalize();
205             hHexValueJoined = hHexValueJoined + CryptoJS.enc.Hex.stringify(hLastValue);
206             //alert("joined = " + hHexValueJoined);
207             if (hHexValueJoined.length >= nRequiredBytes * 2) {
208                 break;
209             }
210         }
211         var result = {};
212         result.keyhex = hHexValueJoined.substr(0, ALGLIST[algName]['keylen'] * 2);
213         result.ivhex = hHexValueJoined.substr(ALGLIST[algName]['keylen'] * 2, ALGLIST[algName]['ivlen'] * 2);
214         return result;
215     };
216 
217     /*
218      * @param {String} privateKeyB64 base64 string of encrypted private key
219      * @param {String} sharedKeyAlgName algorithm name of shared key encryption
220      * @param {String} sharedKeyHex hexadecimal string of shared key to encrypt
221      * @param {String} ivsaltHex hexadecimal string of IV and salt
222      * @param {String} hexadecimal string of decrypted private key
223      */
224     var _decryptKeyB64 = function(privateKeyB64, sharedKeyAlgName, sharedKeyHex, ivsaltHex) {
225         var privateKeyWA = CryptoJS.enc.Base64.parse(privateKeyB64);
226         var privateKeyHex = CryptoJS.enc.Hex.stringify(privateKeyWA);
227         var f = ALGLIST[sharedKeyAlgName]['proc'];
228         var decryptedKeyHex = f(privateKeyHex, sharedKeyHex, ivsaltHex);
229         return decryptedKeyHex;
230     };
231     
232     /*
233      * @param {String} privateKeyHex hexadecimal string of private key
234      * @param {String} sharedKeyAlgName algorithm name of shared key encryption
235      * @param {String} sharedKeyHex hexadecimal string of shared key to encrypt
236      * @param {String} ivsaltHex hexadecimal string of IV and salt
237      * @param {String} base64 string of encrypted private key
238      */
239     var _encryptKeyHex = function(privateKeyHex, sharedKeyAlgName, sharedKeyHex, ivsaltHex) {
240         var f = ALGLIST[sharedKeyAlgName]['eproc'];
241         var encryptedKeyB64 = f(privateKeyHex, sharedKeyHex, ivsaltHex);
242         return encryptedKeyB64;
243     };
244 
245     // *****************************************************************
246     // *** PUBLIC PROPERTIES AND METHODS *******************************
247     // *****************************************************************
248     return {
249         // -- UTILITY METHODS ------------------------------------------------------------
250         /**
251          * decrypt private key by shared key
252          * @name version
253          * @memberOf KEYUTIL
254          * @property {String} version
255          * @description version string of KEYUTIL class
256          */
257         version: "1.0.0",
258 
259         /**
260          * parse PEM formatted passcode protected PKCS#5 private key
261          * @name parsePKCS5PEM
262          * @memberOf KEYUTIL
263          * @function
264          * @param {String} sEncryptedPEM PEM formatted protected passcode protected PKCS#5 private key
265          * @return {Hash} hash of key information
266          * @description
267          * Resulted hash has following attributes.
268          * <ul>
269          * <li>cipher - symmetric key algorithm name (ex. 'DES-EBE3-CBC', 'AES-256-CBC')</li>
270          * <li>ivsalt - IV used for decrypt. Its heading 8 bytes will be used for passcode salt.</li>
271          * <li>type - asymmetric key algorithm name of private key described in PEM header.</li>
272          * <li>data - base64 encoded encrypted private key.</li>
273          * </ul>
274          *
275          */
276         parsePKCS5PEM: function(sPKCS5PEM) {
277             return _parsePKCS5PEM(sPKCS5PEM);
278         },
279 
280         /**
281          * the same function as OpenSSL EVP_BytsToKey to generate shared key and IV
282          * @name getKeyAndUnusedIvByPasscodeAndIvsalt
283          * @memberOf KEYUTIL
284          * @function
285          * @param {String} algName name of symmetric key algorithm (ex. 'DES-EBE3-CBC')
286          * @param {String} passcode passcode to decrypt private key (ex. 'password')
287          * @param {String} hexadecimal string of IV. heading 8 bytes will be used for passcode salt
288          * @return {Hash} hash of key and unused IV (ex. {keyhex:2fe3..., ivhex:3fad..})
289          */
290         getKeyAndUnusedIvByPasscodeAndIvsalt: function(algName, passcode, ivsaltHex) {
291             return _getKeyAndUnusedIvByPasscodeAndIvsalt(algName, passcode, ivsaltHex);
292         },
293 
294         decryptKeyB64: function(privateKeyB64, sharedKeyAlgName, sharedKeyHex, ivsaltHex) {
295             return _decryptKeyB64(privateKeyB64, sharedKeyAlgName, sharedKeyHex, ivsaltHex);
296         },
297 
298         /**
299          * decrypt PEM formatted protected PKCS#5 private key with passcode
300          * @name getDecryptedKeyHex
301          * @memberOf KEYUTIL
302          * @function
303          * @param {String} sEncryptedPEM PEM formatted protected passcode protected PKCS#5 private key
304          * @param {String} passcode passcode to decrypt private key (ex. 'password')
305          * @return {String} hexadecimal string of decrypted RSA priavte key
306          */
307         getDecryptedKeyHex: function(sEncryptedPEM, passcode) {
308             // 1. parse pem
309             var info = _parsePKCS5PEM(sEncryptedPEM);
310             var publicKeyAlgName = info.type;
311             var sharedKeyAlgName = info.cipher;
312             var ivsaltHex = info.ivsalt;
313             var privateKeyB64 = info.data;
314             //alert("ivsaltHex = " + ivsaltHex);
315 
316             // 2. generate shared key
317             var sharedKeyInfo = _getKeyAndUnusedIvByPasscodeAndIvsalt(sharedKeyAlgName, passcode, ivsaltHex);
318             var sharedKeyHex = sharedKeyInfo.keyhex;
319             //alert("sharedKeyHex = " + sharedKeyHex);
320 
321             // 3. decrypt private key
322             var decryptedKey = _decryptKeyB64(privateKeyB64, sharedKeyAlgName, sharedKeyHex, ivsaltHex);
323             return decryptedKey;
324         },
325 
326         /*
327          * get PEM formatted encrypted PKCS#5 private key from hexadecimal string of plain private key
328          * @name getEncryptedPKCS5PEMFromPrvKeyHex
329          * @memberOf KEYUTIL
330          * @function
331          * @param {String} pemHeadAlg algorithm name in the pem header (i.e. RSA,EC or DSA)
332          * @param {String} hPrvKey hexadecimal string of plain private key
333          * @param {String} passcode pass code to protect private key (ex. password)
334          * @param {String} sharedKeyAlgName algorithm name to protect private key (ex. AES-256-CBC)
335          * @param {String} ivsaltHex hexadecimal string of IV and salt
336          * @return {String} string of PEM formatted encrypted PKCS#5 private key
337          * @since pkcs5pkey 1.0.2
338          * @description
339          * <br/>
340          * generate PEM formatted encrypted PKCS#5 private key by hexadecimal string encoded
341          * ASN.1 object of plain RSA private key.
342          * Following arguments can be omitted.
343          * <ul>
344          * <li>alg - AES-256-CBC will be used if omitted.</li>
345          * <li>ivsaltHex - automatically generate IV and salt which length depends on algorithm</li>
346          * </ul>
347          * NOTE1: DES-CBC, DES-EDE3-CBC, AES-{128,192.256}-CBC algorithm are supported.
348          * @example
349          * var pem = 
350          *   KEYUTIL.getEncryptedPKCS5PEMFromPrvKeyHex(plainKeyHex, "password");
351          * var pem2 = 
352          *   KEYUTIL.getEncryptedPKCS5PEMFromPrvKeyHex(plainKeyHex, "password", "AES-128-CBC");
353          * var pem3 = 
354          *   KEYUTIL.getEncryptedPKCS5PEMFromPrvKeyHex(plainKeyHex, "password", "AES-128-CBC", "1f3d02...");
355          */
356         getEncryptedPKCS5PEMFromPrvKeyHex: function(pemHeadAlg, hPrvKey, passcode, sharedKeyAlgName, ivsaltHex) {
357             var sPEM = "";
358 
359             // 1. set sharedKeyAlgName if undefined (default AES-256-CBC)
360             if (typeof sharedKeyAlgName == "undefined" || sharedKeyAlgName == null) {
361                 sharedKeyAlgName = "AES-256-CBC";
362             }
363             if (typeof ALGLIST[sharedKeyAlgName] == "undefined")
364                 throw "KEYUTIL unsupported algorithm: " + sharedKeyAlgName;
365 
366             // 2. set ivsaltHex if undefined
367             if (typeof ivsaltHex == "undefined" || ivsaltHex == null) {
368                 var ivlen = ALGLIST[sharedKeyAlgName]['ivlen'];
369                 var randIV = _generateIvSaltHex(ivlen);
370                 ivsaltHex = randIV.toUpperCase();
371             }
372 
373             // 3. get shared key
374             //alert("ivsalthex=" + ivsaltHex);
375             var sharedKeyInfo = _getKeyAndUnusedIvByPasscodeAndIvsalt(sharedKeyAlgName, passcode, ivsaltHex);
376             var sharedKeyHex = sharedKeyInfo.keyhex;
377             // alert("sharedKeyHex = " + sharedKeyHex);
378 
379             // 3. get encrypted Key in Base64
380             var encryptedKeyB64 = _encryptKeyHex(hPrvKey, sharedKeyAlgName, sharedKeyHex, ivsaltHex);
381 
382             var pemBody = encryptedKeyB64.replace(/(.{64})/g, "$1\r\n");
383             var sPEM = "-----BEGIN " + pemHeadAlg + " PRIVATE KEY-----\r\n";
384             sPEM += "Proc-Type: 4,ENCRYPTED\r\n";
385             sPEM += "DEK-Info: " + sharedKeyAlgName + "," + ivsaltHex + "\r\n";
386             sPEM += "\r\n";
387             sPEM += pemBody;
388             sPEM += "\r\n-----END " + pemHeadAlg + " PRIVATE KEY-----\r\n";
389 
390             return sPEM;
391         },
392 
393         // === PKCS8 ===============================================================
394 
395         /**
396          * generate PBKDF2 key hexstring with specified passcode and information
397          * @name parseHexOfEncryptedPKCS8
398          * @memberOf KEYUTIL
399          * @function
400          * @param {String} passcode passcode to decrypto private key
401          * @return {Array} info associative array of PKCS#8 parameters
402          * @since pkcs5pkey 1.0.3
403          * @description
404          * The associative array which is returned by this method has following properties:
405          * <ul>
406          * <li>info.pbkdf2Salt - hexadecimal string of PBKDF2 salt</li>
407          * <li>info.pkbdf2Iter - iteration count</li>
408          * <li>info.ciphertext - hexadecimal string of encrypted private key</li>
409          * <li>info.encryptionSchemeAlg - encryption algorithm name (currently TripleDES only)</li>
410          * <li>info.encryptionSchemeIV - initial vector for encryption algorithm</li>
411          * </ul>
412          * Currently, this method only supports PKCS#5v2.0 with PBES2/PBDKF2 of HmacSHA1 and TripleDES.
413          * <ul>
414          * <li>keyDerivationFunc = pkcs5PBKDF2 with HmacSHA1</li>
415          * <li>encryptionScheme = des-EDE3-CBC(i.e. TripleDES</li>
416          * </ul>
417          * @example
418          * // to convert plain PKCS#5 private key to encrypted PKCS#8 private
419          * // key with PBKDF2 with TripleDES
420          * % openssl pkcs8 -in plain_p5.pem -topk8 -v2 -des3 -out encrypted_p8.pem
421          */
422         parseHexOfEncryptedPKCS8: function(sHEX) {
423 	    var _ASN1HEX = ASN1HEX;
424 	    var _getChildIdx = _ASN1HEX.getChildIdx;
425 	    var _getV = _ASN1HEX.getV;
426             var info = {};
427             
428             var a0 = _getChildIdx(sHEX, 0);
429             if (a0.length != 2)
430                 throw "malformed format: SEQUENCE(0).items != 2: " + a0.length;
431 
432             // 1. ciphertext
433             info.ciphertext = _getV(sHEX, a0[1]);
434 
435             // 2. pkcs5PBES2
436             var a0_0 = _getChildIdx(sHEX, a0[0]); 
437             if (a0_0.length != 2)
438                 throw "malformed format: SEQUENCE(0.0).items != 2: " + a0_0.length;
439 
440             // 2.1 check if pkcs5PBES2(1 2 840 113549 1 5 13)
441             if (_getV(sHEX, a0_0[0]) != "2a864886f70d01050d")
442                 throw "this only supports pkcs5PBES2";
443 
444             // 2.2 pkcs5PBES2 param
445             var a0_0_1 = _getChildIdx(sHEX, a0_0[1]); 
446             if (a0_0.length != 2)
447                 throw "malformed format: SEQUENCE(0.0.1).items != 2: " + a0_0_1.length;
448 
449             // 2.2.1 encryptionScheme
450             var a0_0_1_1 = _getChildIdx(sHEX, a0_0_1[1]); 
451             if (a0_0_1_1.length != 2)
452                 throw "malformed format: SEQUENCE(0.0.1.1).items != 2: " + a0_0_1_1.length;
453             if (_getV(sHEX, a0_0_1_1[0]) != "2a864886f70d0307")
454                 throw "this only supports TripleDES";
455             info.encryptionSchemeAlg = "TripleDES";
456 
457             // 2.2.1.1 IV of encryptionScheme
458             info.encryptionSchemeIV = _getV(sHEX, a0_0_1_1[1]);
459 
460             // 2.2.2 keyDerivationFunc
461             var a0_0_1_0 = _getChildIdx(sHEX, a0_0_1[0]); 
462             if (a0_0_1_0.length != 2)
463                 throw "malformed format: SEQUENCE(0.0.1.0).items != 2: " + a0_0_1_0.length;
464             if (_getV(sHEX, a0_0_1_0[0]) != "2a864886f70d01050c")
465                 throw "this only supports pkcs5PBKDF2";
466 
467             // 2.2.2.1 pkcs5PBKDF2 param
468             var a0_0_1_0_1 = _getChildIdx(sHEX, a0_0_1_0[1]); 
469             if (a0_0_1_0_1.length < 2)
470                 throw "malformed format: SEQUENCE(0.0.1.0.1).items < 2: " + a0_0_1_0_1.length;
471 
472             // 2.2.2.1.1 PBKDF2 salt
473             info.pbkdf2Salt = _getV(sHEX, a0_0_1_0_1[0]);
474 
475             // 2.2.2.1.2 PBKDF2 iter
476             var iterNumHex = _getV(sHEX, a0_0_1_0_1[1]);
477             try {
478                 info.pbkdf2Iter = parseInt(iterNumHex, 16);
479             } catch(ex) {
480                 throw "malformed format pbkdf2Iter: " + iterNumHex;
481             }
482 
483             return info;
484         },
485 
486         /**
487          * generate PBKDF2 key hexstring with specified passcode and information
488          * @name getPBKDF2KeyHexFromParam
489          * @memberOf KEYUTIL
490          * @function
491          * @param {Array} info result of {@link parseHexOfEncryptedPKCS8} which has preference of PKCS#8 file
492          * @param {String} passcode passcode to decrypto private key
493          * @return {String} hexadecimal string of PBKDF2 key
494          * @since pkcs5pkey 1.0.3
495          * @description
496          * As for info, this uses following properties:
497          * <ul>
498          * <li>info.pbkdf2Salt - hexadecimal string of PBKDF2 salt</li>
499          * <li>info.pkbdf2Iter - iteration count</li>
500          * </ul>
501          * Currently, this method only supports PKCS#5v2.0 with PBES2/PBDKF2 of HmacSHA1 and TripleDES.
502          * <ul>
503          * <li>keyDerivationFunc = pkcs5PBKDF2 with HmacSHA1</li>
504          * <li>encryptionScheme = des-EDE3-CBC(i.e. TripleDES</li>
505          * </ul>
506          * @example
507          * // to convert plain PKCS#5 private key to encrypted PKCS#8 private
508          * // key with PBKDF2 with TripleDES
509          * % openssl pkcs8 -in plain_p5.pem -topk8 -v2 -des3 -out encrypted_p8.pem
510          */
511         getPBKDF2KeyHexFromParam: function(info, passcode) {
512             var pbkdf2SaltWS = CryptoJS.enc.Hex.parse(info.pbkdf2Salt);
513             var pbkdf2Iter = info.pbkdf2Iter;
514             var pbkdf2KeyWS = CryptoJS.PBKDF2(passcode, 
515                                               pbkdf2SaltWS, 
516                                               { keySize: 192/32, iterations: pbkdf2Iter });
517             var pbkdf2KeyHex = CryptoJS.enc.Hex.stringify(pbkdf2KeyWS);
518             return pbkdf2KeyHex;
519         },
520 
521         /*
522          * read PEM formatted encrypted PKCS#8 private key and returns hexadecimal string of plain PKCS#8 private key
523          * @name getPlainPKCS8HexFromEncryptedPKCS8PEM
524          * @memberOf KEYUTIL
525          * @function
526          * @param {String} pkcs8PEM PEM formatted encrypted PKCS#8 private key
527          * @param {String} passcode passcode to decrypto private key
528          * @return {String} hexadecimal string of plain PKCS#8 private key
529          * @since pkcs5pkey 1.0.3
530          * @description
531          * Currently, this method only supports PKCS#5v2.0 with PBES2/PBDKF2 of HmacSHA1 and TripleDES.
532          * <ul>
533          * <li>keyDerivationFunc = pkcs5PBKDF2 with HmacSHA1</li>
534          * <li>encryptionScheme = des-EDE3-CBC(i.e. TripleDES</li>
535          * </ul>
536          * @example
537          * // to convert plain PKCS#5 private key to encrypted PKCS#8 private
538          * // key with PBKDF2 with TripleDES
539          * % openssl pkcs8 -in plain_p5.pem -topk8 -v2 -des3 -out encrypted_p8.pem
540          */
541         _getPlainPKCS8HexFromEncryptedPKCS8PEM: function(pkcs8PEM, passcode) {
542             // 1. derHex - PKCS#8 private key encrypted by PBKDF2
543             var derHex = pemtohex(pkcs8PEM, "ENCRYPTED PRIVATE KEY");
544             // 2. info - PKCS#5 PBES info
545             var info = this.parseHexOfEncryptedPKCS8(derHex);
546             // 3. hKey - PBKDF2 key
547             var pbkdf2KeyHex = KEYUTIL.getPBKDF2KeyHexFromParam(info, passcode);
548             // 4. decrypt ciphertext by PBKDF2 key
549             var encrypted = {};
550             encrypted.ciphertext = CryptoJS.enc.Hex.parse(info.ciphertext);
551             var pbkdf2KeyWS = CryptoJS.enc.Hex.parse(pbkdf2KeyHex);
552             var des3IVWS = CryptoJS.enc.Hex.parse(info.encryptionSchemeIV);
553             var decWS = CryptoJS.TripleDES.decrypt(encrypted, pbkdf2KeyWS, { iv: des3IVWS });
554             var decHex = CryptoJS.enc.Hex.stringify(decWS);
555             return decHex;
556         },
557 
558         /**
559          * get RSAKey/ECDSA private key object from encrypted PEM PKCS#8 private key
560          * @name getKeyFromEncryptedPKCS8PEM
561          * @memberOf KEYUTIL
562          * @function
563          * @param {String} pkcs8PEM string of PEM formatted PKCS#8 private key
564          * @param {String} passcode passcode string to decrypt key
565          * @return {Object} RSAKey or KJUR.crypto.ECDSA private key object
566          * @since pkcs5pkey 1.0.5
567          */
568         getKeyFromEncryptedPKCS8PEM: function(pkcs8PEM, passcode) {
569             var prvKeyHex = this._getPlainPKCS8HexFromEncryptedPKCS8PEM(pkcs8PEM, passcode);
570             var key = this.getKeyFromPlainPrivatePKCS8Hex(prvKeyHex);
571             return key;
572         },
573 
574         /**
575          * parse hexadecimal string of plain PKCS#8 private key
576          * @name parsePlainPrivatePKCS8Hex
577          * @memberOf KEYUTIL
578          * @function
579          * @param {String} pkcs8PrvHex hexadecimal string of PKCS#8 plain private key
580          * @return {Array} associative array of parsed key
581          * @since pkcs5pkey 1.0.5
582          * @description
583          * Resulted associative array has following properties:
584          * <ul>
585          * <li>algoid - hexadecimal string of OID of asymmetric key algorithm</li>
586          * <li>algparam - hexadecimal string of OID of ECC curve name or null</li>
587          * <li>keyidx - string starting index of key in pkcs8PrvHex</li>
588          * </ul>
589          */
590         parsePlainPrivatePKCS8Hex: function(pkcs8PrvHex) {
591 	    var _ASN1HEX = ASN1HEX;
592 	    var _getChildIdx = _ASN1HEX.getChildIdx;
593 	    var _getV = _ASN1HEX.getV;
594             var result = {};
595             result.algparam = null;
596 
597             // 1. sequence
598             if (pkcs8PrvHex.substr(0, 2) != "30")
599                 throw "malformed plain PKCS8 private key(code:001)"; // not sequence
600 
601             var a1 = _getChildIdx(pkcs8PrvHex, 0);
602             if (a1.length != 3)
603                 throw "malformed plain PKCS8 private key(code:002)";
604 
605             // 2. AlgID
606             if (pkcs8PrvHex.substr(a1[1], 2) != "30")
607                 throw "malformed PKCS8 private key(code:003)"; // AlgId not sequence
608 
609             var a2 = _getChildIdx(pkcs8PrvHex, a1[1]);
610             if (a2.length != 2)
611                 throw "malformed PKCS8 private key(code:004)"; // AlgId not have two elements
612 
613             // 2.1. AlgID OID
614             if (pkcs8PrvHex.substr(a2[0], 2) != "06")
615                 throw "malformed PKCS8 private key(code:005)"; // AlgId.oid is not OID
616 
617             result.algoid = _getV(pkcs8PrvHex, a2[0]);
618 
619             // 2.2. AlgID param
620             if (pkcs8PrvHex.substr(a2[1], 2) == "06") {
621                 result.algparam = _getV(pkcs8PrvHex, a2[1]);
622             }
623 
624             // 3. Key index
625             if (pkcs8PrvHex.substr(a1[2], 2) != "04")
626                 throw "malformed PKCS8 private key(code:006)"; // not octet string
627 
628             result.keyidx = _ASN1HEX.getVidx(pkcs8PrvHex, a1[2]);
629 
630             return result;
631         },
632 
633         /**
634          * get RSAKey/ECDSA private key object from PEM plain PEM PKCS#8 private key
635          * @name getKeyFromPlainPrivatePKCS8PEM
636          * @memberOf KEYUTIL
637          * @function
638          * @param {String} pkcs8PEM string of plain PEM formatted PKCS#8 private key
639          * @return {Object} RSAKey or KJUR.crypto.ECDSA private key object
640          * @since pkcs5pkey 1.0.5
641          */
642         getKeyFromPlainPrivatePKCS8PEM: function(prvKeyPEM) {
643             var prvKeyHex = pemtohex(prvKeyPEM, "PRIVATE KEY");
644             var key = this.getKeyFromPlainPrivatePKCS8Hex(prvKeyHex);
645             return key;
646         },
647 
648         /**
649          * get RSAKey/DSA/ECDSA private key object from HEX plain PEM PKCS#8 private key
650          * @name getKeyFromPlainPrivatePKCS8Hex
651          * @memberOf KEYUTIL
652          * @function
653          * @param {String} prvKeyHex hexadecimal string of plain PKCS#8 private key
654          * @return {Object} RSAKey or KJUR.crypto.{DSA,ECDSA} private key object
655          * @since pkcs5pkey 1.0.5
656          */
657         getKeyFromPlainPrivatePKCS8Hex: function(prvKeyHex) {
658             var p8 = this.parsePlainPrivatePKCS8Hex(prvKeyHex);
659 	    var key;
660             
661             if (p8.algoid == "2a864886f70d010101") { // RSA
662 		key = new RSAKey();
663 	    } else if (p8.algoid == "2a8648ce380401") { // DSA
664 		key = new KJUR.crypto.DSA();
665             } else if (p8.algoid == "2a8648ce3d0201") { // ECC
666                 key = new KJUR.crypto.ECDSA();
667             } else {
668                 throw "unsupported private key algorithm";
669             }
670 
671 	    key.readPKCS8PrvKeyHex(prvKeyHex);
672 	    return key;
673         },
674 
675         // === PKCS8 RSA Public Key ================================================
676 
677         /*
678          * get RSAKey/DSA/ECDSA public key object from hexadecimal string of PKCS#8 public key
679          * @name _getKeyFromPublicPKCS8Hex
680          * @memberOf KEYUTIL
681          * @function
682          * @param {String} pkcsPub8Hex hexadecimal string of PKCS#8 public key
683          * @return {Object} RSAKey or KJUR.crypto.{ECDSA,DSA} private key object
684          * @since pkcs5pkey 1.0.5
685          */
686         _getKeyFromPublicPKCS8Hex: function(h) {
687 	    var key;
688 	    var hOID = ASN1HEX.getVbyList(h, 0, [0, 0], "06");
689 
690 	    if (hOID === "2a864886f70d010101") {    // oid=RSA
691 		key = new RSAKey();
692 	    } else if (hOID === "2a8648ce380401") { // oid=DSA
693 		key = new KJUR.crypto.DSA();
694 	    } else if (hOID === "2a8648ce3d0201") { // oid=ECPUB
695 		key = new KJUR.crypto.ECDSA();
696 	    } else {
697 		throw "unsupported PKCS#8 public key hex";
698 	    }
699 	    key.readPKCS8PubKeyHex(h);
700 	    return key;
701 	},
702 
703         /**
704          * parse hexadecimal string of plain PKCS#8 private key
705          * @name parsePublicRawRSAKeyHex
706          * @memberOf KEYUTIL
707          * @function
708          * @param {String} pubRawRSAHex hexadecimal string of ASN.1 encoded PKCS#8 public key
709          * @return {Array} associative array of parsed key
710          * @since pkcs5pkey 1.0.5
711          * @description
712          * Resulted associative array has following properties:
713          * <ul>
714          * <li>n - hexadecimal string of public key
715          * <li>e - hexadecimal string of public exponent
716          * </ul>
717          */
718         parsePublicRawRSAKeyHex: function(pubRawRSAHex) {
719 	    var _ASN1HEX = ASN1HEX;
720 	    var _getChildIdx = _ASN1HEX.getChildIdx;
721 	    var _getV = _ASN1HEX.getV;
722             var result = {};
723             
724             // 1. Sequence
725             if (pubRawRSAHex.substr(0, 2) != "30")
726                 throw "malformed RSA key(code:001)"; // not sequence
727             
728             var a1 = _getChildIdx(pubRawRSAHex, 0);
729             if (a1.length != 2)
730                 throw "malformed RSA key(code:002)"; // not 2 items in seq
731 
732             // 2. public key "N"
733             if (pubRawRSAHex.substr(a1[0], 2) != "02")
734                 throw "malformed RSA key(code:003)"; // 1st item is not integer
735 
736             result.n = _getV(pubRawRSAHex, a1[0]);
737 
738             // 3. public key "E"
739             if (pubRawRSAHex.substr(a1[1], 2) != "02")
740                 throw "malformed RSA key(code:004)"; // 2nd item is not integer
741 
742             result.e = _getV(pubRawRSAHex, a1[1]);
743 
744             return result;
745         },
746 
747         /**
748          * parse hexadecimal string of PKCS#8 RSA/EC/DSA public key
749          * @name parsePublicPKCS8Hex
750          * @memberOf KEYUTIL
751          * @function
752          * @param {String} pkcs8PubHex hexadecimal string of PKCS#8 public key
753          * @return {Hash} hash of key information
754          * @description
755          * Resulted hash has following attributes.
756          * <ul>
757          * <li>algoid - hexadecimal string of OID of asymmetric key algorithm</li>
758          * <li>algparam - hexadecimal string of OID of ECC curve name, parameter SEQUENCE of DSA or null</li>
759          * <li>key - hexadecimal string of public key</li>
760          * </ul>
761          */
762         parsePublicPKCS8Hex: function(pkcs8PubHex) {
763 	    var _ASN1HEX = ASN1HEX;
764 	    var _getChildIdx = _ASN1HEX.getChildIdx;
765 	    var _getV = _ASN1HEX.getV;
766             var result = {};
767             result.algparam = null;
768 
769             // 1. AlgID and Key bit string
770             var a1 = _getChildIdx(pkcs8PubHex, 0);
771             if (a1.length != 2)
772                 throw "outer DERSequence shall have 2 elements: " + a1.length;
773 
774             // 2. AlgID
775             var idxAlgIdTLV = a1[0];
776             if (pkcs8PubHex.substr(idxAlgIdTLV, 2) != "30")
777                 throw "malformed PKCS8 public key(code:001)"; // AlgId not sequence
778 
779             var a2 = _getChildIdx(pkcs8PubHex, idxAlgIdTLV);
780             if (a2.length != 2)
781                 throw "malformed PKCS8 public key(code:002)"; // AlgId not have two elements
782 
783             // 2.1. AlgID OID
784             if (pkcs8PubHex.substr(a2[0], 2) != "06")
785                 throw "malformed PKCS8 public key(code:003)"; // AlgId.oid is not OID
786 
787             result.algoid = _getV(pkcs8PubHex, a2[0]);
788 
789             // 2.2. AlgID param
790             if (pkcs8PubHex.substr(a2[1], 2) == "06") { // OID for EC
791                 result.algparam = _getV(pkcs8PubHex, a2[1]);
792             } else if (pkcs8PubHex.substr(a2[1], 2) == "30") { // SEQ for DSA
793                 result.algparam = {};
794                 result.algparam.p = _ASN1HEX.getVbyList(pkcs8PubHex, a2[1], [0], "02");
795                 result.algparam.q = _ASN1HEX.getVbyList(pkcs8PubHex, a2[1], [1], "02");
796                 result.algparam.g = _ASN1HEX.getVbyList(pkcs8PubHex, a2[1], [2], "02");
797             }
798 
799             // 3. Key
800             if (pkcs8PubHex.substr(a1[1], 2) != "03")
801                 throw "malformed PKCS8 public key(code:004)"; // Key is not bit string
802 
803             result.key = _getV(pkcs8PubHex, a1[1]).substr(2);
804             
805             // 4. return result assoc array
806             return result;
807         },
808     };
809 }();
810 
811 // -- MAJOR PUBLIC METHODS -------------------------------------------------------
812 /**
813  * get private or public key object from any arguments
814  * @name getKey
815  * @memberOf KEYUTIL
816  * @function
817  * @static
818  * @param {Object} param parameter to get key object. see description in detail.
819  * @param {String} passcode (OPTION) parameter to get key object. see description in detail.
820  * @param {String} hextype (OPTOIN) parameter to get key object. see description in detail.
821  * @return {Object} {@link RSAKey}, {@link KJUR.crypto.ECDSA} or {@link KJUR.crypto.ECDSA} object
822  * @since keyutil 1.0.0
823  * @description
824  * This method gets private or public key object({@link RSAKey}, {@link KJUR.crypto.DSA} or {@link KJUR.crypto.ECDSA})
825  * for RSA, DSA and ECC.
826  * Arguments for this methods depends on a key format you specify.
827  * Following key representations are supported.
828  * <ul>
829  * <li>ECC private/public key object(as is): param=KJUR.crypto.ECDSA</li>
830  * <li>DSA private/public key object(as is): param=KJUR.crypto.DSA</li>
831  * <li>RSA private/public key object(as is): param=RSAKey </li>
832  * <li>ECC private key parameters: param={d: d, curve: curveName}</li>
833  * <li>RSA private key parameters: param={n: n, e: e, d: d, p: p, q: q, dp: dp, dq: dq, co: co}<br/>
834  * NOTE: Each value shall be hexadecimal string of key spec.</li>
835  * <li>DSA private key parameters: param={p: p, q: q, g: g, y: y, x: x}<br/>
836  * NOTE: Each value shall be hexadecimal string of key spec.</li>
837  * <li>ECC public key parameters: param={xy: xy, curve: curveName}<br/>
838  * NOTE: ECC public key 'xy' shall be concatination of "04", x-bytes-hex and y-bytes-hex.</li>
839  * <li>DSA public key parameters: param={p: p, q: q, g: g, y: y}<br/>
840  * NOTE: Each value shall be hexadecimal string of key spec.</li>
841  * <li>RSA public key parameters: param={n: n, e: e} </li>
842  * <li>X.509v1/v3 PEM certificate (RSA/DSA/ECC): param=pemString</li>
843  * <li>PKCS#8 hexadecimal RSA/ECC public key: param=pemString, null, "pkcs8pub"</li>
844  * <li>PKCS#8 PEM RSA/DSA/ECC public key: param=pemString</li>
845  * <li>PKCS#5 plain hexadecimal RSA private key: param=hexString, null, "pkcs5prv"</li>
846  * <li>PKCS#5 plain PEM RSA/DSA/EC private key: param=pemString</li>
847  * <li>PKCS#8 plain PEM RSA/EC private key: param=pemString</li>
848  * <li>PKCS#5 encrypted PEM RSA/DSA/EC private key: param=pemString, passcode</li>
849  * <li>PKCS#8 encrypted PEM RSA/EC private key: param=pemString, passcode</li>
850  * </ul>
851  * Please note following limitation on encrypted keys:
852  * <ul>
853  * <li>Encrypted PKCS#8 only supports PBKDF2/HmacSHA1/3DES</li>
854  * <li>Encrypted PKCS#5 supports DES-CBC, DES-EDE3-CBC, AES-{128,192.256}-CBC</li>
855  * <li>JWT plain ECC private/public key</li>
856  * <li>JWT plain RSA public key</li>
857  * <li>JWT plain RSA private key with P/Q/DP/DQ/COEFF</li>
858  * <li>JWT plain RSA private key without P/Q/DP/DQ/COEFF (since jsrsasign 5.0.0)</li>
859  * </ul>
860  * NOTE1: <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7517">RFC 7517 JSON Web Key(JWK)</a> support for RSA/ECC private/public key from jsrsasign 4.8.1.<br/>
861  * NOTE2: X509v1 support is added since jsrsasign 5.0.11.
862  * 
863  * <h5>EXAMPLE</h5>
864  * @example
865  * // 1. loading private key from PEM string
866  * keyObj = KEYUTIL.getKey("-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY...");
867  * keyObj = KEYUTIL.getKey("-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY..., "passcode");
868  * keyObj = KEYUTIL.getKey("-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY...");
869  * keyObj = KEYUTIL.getKey("-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY...", "passcode");
870  * keyObj = KEYUTIL.getKey("-----BEGIN EC PARAMETERS...-----BEGIN EC PRIVATE KEY...");
871  * // 2. loading public key from PEM string
872  * keyObj = KEYUTIL.getKey("-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY...");
873  * keyObj = KEYUTIL.getKey("-----BEGIN X509 CERTIFICATE...");
874  * // 3. loading hexadecimal PKCS#5/PKCS#8 key
875  * keyObj = KEYUTIL.getKey("308205c1...", null, "pkcs8pub");
876  * keyObj = KEYUTIL.getKey("3082048b...", null, "pkcs5prv");
877  * // 4. loading JSON Web Key(JWK)
878  * keyObj = KEYUTIL.getKey({kty: "RSA", n: "0vx7...", e: "AQAB"});
879  * keyObj = KEYUTIL.getKey({kty: "EC", crv: "P-256", 
880  *                          x: "MKBC...", y: "4Etl6...", d: "870Mb..."});
881  * // 5. bare hexadecimal key
882  * keyObj = KEYUTIL.getKey({n: "75ab..", e: "010001"});
883  */
884 KEYUTIL.getKey = function(param, passcode, hextype) {
885     var _ASN1HEX = ASN1HEX,
886 	_getChildIdx = _ASN1HEX.getChildIdx,
887 	_getV = _ASN1HEX.getV,
888 	_getVbyList = _ASN1HEX.getVbyList,
889 	_KJUR_crypto = KJUR.crypto,
890 	_KJUR_crypto_ECDSA = _KJUR_crypto.ECDSA,
891 	_KJUR_crypto_DSA = _KJUR_crypto.DSA,
892 	_RSAKey = RSAKey,
893 	_pemtohex = pemtohex,
894 	_KEYUTIL = KEYUTIL;
895 
896     // 1. by key RSAKey/KJUR.crypto.ECDSA/KJUR.crypto.DSA object
897     if (typeof _RSAKey != 'undefined' && param instanceof _RSAKey)
898         return param;
899     if (typeof _KJUR_crypto_ECDSA != 'undefined' && param instanceof _KJUR_crypto_ECDSA)
900         return param;
901     if (typeof _KJUR_crypto_DSA != 'undefined' && param instanceof _KJUR_crypto_DSA)
902         return param;
903 
904     // 2. by parameters of key
905 
906     // 2.1. bare ECC
907     // 2.1.1. bare ECC public key by hex values
908     if (param.curve !== undefined &&
909 	param.xy !== undefined && param.d === undefined) {
910         return new _KJUR_crypto_ECDSA({pub: param.xy, curve: param.curve});
911     }
912 
913     // 2.1.2. bare ECC private key by hex values
914     if (param.curve !== undefined && param.d !== undefined) {
915         return new _KJUR_crypto_ECDSA({prv: param.d, curve: param.curve});
916     }
917 
918     // 2.2. bare RSA
919     // 2.2.1. bare RSA public key by hex values
920     if (param.kty === undefined &&
921 	param.n !== undefined && param.e !== undefined &&
922         param.d === undefined) {
923         var key = new _RSAKey();
924         key.setPublic(param.n, param.e);
925         return key;
926     }
927 
928     // 2.2.2. bare RSA private key with P/Q/DP/DQ/COEFF by hex values
929     if (param.kty === undefined &&
930 	param.n !== undefined &&
931 	param.e !== undefined &&
932 	param.d !== undefined &&
933         param.p !== undefined &&
934 	param.q !== undefined &&
935         param.dp !== undefined &&
936 	param.dq !== undefined &&
937 	param.co !== undefined &&
938         param.qi === undefined) {
939         var key = new _RSAKey();
940         key.setPrivateEx(param.n, param.e, param.d, param.p, param.q,
941                          param.dp, param.dq, param.co);
942         return key;
943     }
944 
945     // 2.2.3. bare RSA public key without P/Q/DP/DQ/COEFF by hex values
946     if (param.kty === undefined &&
947 	param.n !== undefined &&
948 	param.e !== undefined &&
949 	param.d !== undefined &&
950         param.p === undefined) {
951         var key = new _RSAKey();
952         key.setPrivate(param.n, param.e, param.d);
953         return key;
954     }
955 
956     // 2.3. bare DSA
957     // 2.3.1. bare DSA public key by hex values
958     if (param.p !== undefined && param.q !== undefined &&
959 	param.g !== undefined &&
960         param.y !== undefined && param.x === undefined) {
961         var key = new _KJUR_crypto_DSA();
962         key.setPublic(param.p, param.q, param.g, param.y);
963         return key;
964     }
965 
966     // 2.3.2. bare DSA private key by hex values
967     if (param.p !== undefined && param.q !== undefined &&
968 	param.g !== undefined &&
969         param.y !== undefined && param.x !== undefined) {
970         var key = new _KJUR_crypto_DSA();
971         key.setPrivate(param.p, param.q, param.g, param.y, param.x);
972         return key;
973     }
974 
975     // 3. JWK
976     // 3.1. JWK RSA
977     // 3.1.1. JWK RSA public key by b64u values
978     if (param.kty === "RSA" &&
979 	param.n !== undefined &&
980 	param.e !== undefined &&
981 	param.d === undefined) {
982 	var key = new _RSAKey();
983 	key.setPublic(b64utohex(param.n), b64utohex(param.e));
984 	return key;
985     }
986 
987     // 3.1.2. JWK RSA private key with p/q/dp/dq/coeff by b64u values
988     if (param.kty === "RSA" &&
989 	param.n !== undefined &&
990 	param.e !== undefined &&
991 	param.d !== undefined &&
992 	param.p !== undefined &&
993 	param.q !== undefined &&
994 	param.dp !== undefined &&
995 	param.dq !== undefined &&
996 	param.qi !== undefined) {
997 	var key = new _RSAKey();
998         key.setPrivateEx(b64utohex(param.n),
999 			 b64utohex(param.e),
1000 			 b64utohex(param.d),
1001 			 b64utohex(param.p),
1002 			 b64utohex(param.q),
1003                          b64utohex(param.dp),
1004 			 b64utohex(param.dq),
1005 			 b64utohex(param.qi));
1006 	return key;
1007     }
1008 
1009     // 3.1.3. JWK RSA private key without p/q/dp/dq/coeff by b64u
1010     //        since jsrsasign 5.0.0 keyutil 1.0.11
1011     if (param.kty === "RSA" &&
1012 	param.n !== undefined &&
1013 	param.e !== undefined &&
1014 	param.d !== undefined) {
1015 	var key = new _RSAKey();
1016         key.setPrivate(b64utohex(param.n),
1017 		       b64utohex(param.e),
1018 		       b64utohex(param.d));
1019 	return key;
1020     }
1021 
1022     // 3.2. JWK ECC
1023     // 3.2.1. JWK ECC public key by b64u values
1024     if (param.kty === "EC" &&
1025 	param.crv !== undefined &&
1026 	param.x !== undefined &&
1027 	param.y !== undefined &&
1028         param.d === undefined) {
1029 	var ec = new _KJUR_crypto_ECDSA({"curve": param.crv});
1030 	var charlen = ec.ecparams.keylen / 4;
1031         var hX   = ("0000000000" + b64utohex(param.x)).slice(- charlen);
1032         var hY   = ("0000000000" + b64utohex(param.y)).slice(- charlen);
1033         var hPub = "04" + hX + hY;
1034 	ec.setPublicKeyHex(hPub);
1035 	return ec;
1036     }
1037 
1038     // 3.2.2. JWK ECC private key by b64u values
1039     if (param.kty === "EC" &&
1040 	param.crv !== undefined &&
1041 	param.x !== undefined &&
1042 	param.y !== undefined &&
1043         param.d !== undefined) {
1044 	var ec = new _KJUR_crypto_ECDSA({"curve": param.crv});
1045 	var charlen = ec.ecparams.keylen / 4;
1046         var hX   = ("0000000000" + b64utohex(param.x)).slice(- charlen);
1047         var hY   = ("0000000000" + b64utohex(param.y)).slice(- charlen);
1048         var hPub = "04" + hX + hY;
1049         var hPrv = ("0000000000" + b64utohex(param.d)).slice(- charlen);
1050 	ec.setPublicKeyHex(hPub);
1051 	ec.setPrivateKeyHex(hPrv);
1052 	return ec;
1053     }
1054     
1055     // 4. (plain) hexadecimal data
1056     // 4.1. get private key by PKCS#5 plain RSA/DSA/ECDSA hexadecimal string
1057     if (hextype === "pkcs5prv") {
1058 	var h = param, _ASN1HEX = ASN1HEX, a, key;
1059 	a = _getChildIdx(h, 0);
1060 	if (a.length === 9) {        // RSA (INT x 9)
1061 	    key = new _RSAKey();
1062             key.readPKCS5PrvKeyHex(h);
1063 	} else if (a.length === 6) { // DSA (INT x 6)
1064 	    key = new _KJUR_crypto_DSA();
1065 	    key.readPKCS5PrvKeyHex(h);
1066 	} else if (a.length > 2 &&   // ECDSA (INT, OCT prv, [0] curve, [1] pub)
1067 		   h.substr(a[1], 2) === "04") {
1068 	    key = new _KJUR_crypto_ECDSA();
1069 	    key.readPKCS5PrvKeyHex(h);
1070 	} else {
1071 	    throw "unsupported PKCS#1/5 hexadecimal key";
1072 	}
1073 
1074         return key;
1075     }
1076 
1077     // 4.2. get private key by PKCS#8 plain RSA/DSA/ECDSA hexadecimal string
1078     if (hextype === "pkcs8prv") {
1079 	var key = _KEYUTIL.getKeyFromPlainPrivatePKCS8Hex(param);
1080         return key;
1081     }
1082 
1083     // 4.3. get public key by PKCS#8 RSA/DSA/ECDSA hexadecimal string
1084     if (hextype === "pkcs8pub") {
1085         return _KEYUTIL._getKeyFromPublicPKCS8Hex(param);
1086     }
1087 
1088     // 4.4. get public key by X.509 hexadecimal string for RSA/DSA/ECDSA
1089     if (hextype === "x509pub") {
1090         return X509.getPublicKeyFromCertHex(param);
1091     }
1092 
1093     // 5. by PEM certificate (-----BEGIN ... CERTIFICATE----)
1094     if (param.indexOf("-END CERTIFICATE-", 0) != -1 ||
1095         param.indexOf("-END X509 CERTIFICATE-", 0) != -1 ||
1096         param.indexOf("-END TRUSTED CERTIFICATE-", 0) != -1) {
1097         return X509.getPublicKeyFromCertPEM(param);
1098     }
1099 
1100     // 6. public key by PKCS#8 PEM string
1101     if (param.indexOf("-END PUBLIC KEY-") != -1) {
1102         var pubKeyHex = pemtohex(param, "PUBLIC KEY");
1103         return _KEYUTIL._getKeyFromPublicPKCS8Hex(pubKeyHex);
1104     }
1105     
1106     // 8.1 private key by plain PKCS#5 PEM RSA string 
1107     //    getKey("-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-...")
1108     if (param.indexOf("-END RSA PRIVATE KEY-") != -1 &&
1109         param.indexOf("4,ENCRYPTED") == -1) {
1110         var hex = _pemtohex(param, "RSA PRIVATE KEY");
1111         return _KEYUTIL.getKey(hex, null, "pkcs5prv");
1112     }
1113 
1114     // 8.2. private key by plain PKCS#5 PEM DSA string
1115     if (param.indexOf("-END DSA PRIVATE KEY-") != -1 &&
1116         param.indexOf("4,ENCRYPTED") == -1) {
1117 
1118         var hKey = _pemtohex(param, "DSA PRIVATE KEY");
1119         var p = _getVbyList(hKey, 0, [1], "02");
1120         var q = _getVbyList(hKey, 0, [2], "02");
1121         var g = _getVbyList(hKey, 0, [3], "02");
1122         var y = _getVbyList(hKey, 0, [4], "02");
1123         var x = _getVbyList(hKey, 0, [5], "02");
1124         var key = new _KJUR_crypto_DSA();
1125         key.setPrivate(new BigInteger(p, 16),
1126                        new BigInteger(q, 16),
1127                        new BigInteger(g, 16),
1128                        new BigInteger(y, 16),
1129                        new BigInteger(x, 16));
1130         return key;
1131     }
1132 
1133     // 8.3. private key by plain PKCS#5 PEM EC string
1134     if (param.indexOf("-END EC PRIVATE KEY-") != -1 &&
1135         param.indexOf("4,ENCRYPTED") == -1) {
1136         var hex = _pemtohex(param, "EC PRIVATE KEY");
1137         return _KEYUTIL.getKey(hex, null, "pkcs5prv");
1138     }
1139 
1140     // 10. private key by plain PKCS#8 PEM ECC/RSA string
1141     if (param.indexOf("-END PRIVATE KEY-") != -1) {
1142         return _KEYUTIL.getKeyFromPlainPrivatePKCS8PEM(param);
1143     }
1144 
1145     // 11.1 private key by encrypted PKCS#5 PEM RSA string
1146     if (param.indexOf("-END RSA PRIVATE KEY-") != -1 &&
1147         param.indexOf("4,ENCRYPTED") != -1) {
1148         var hPKey = _KEYUTIL.getDecryptedKeyHex(param, passcode);
1149         var rsaKey = new RSAKey();
1150         rsaKey.readPKCS5PrvKeyHex(hPKey);
1151         return rsaKey;
1152     }
1153 
1154     // 11.2. private key by encrypted PKCS#5 PEM ECDSA string
1155     if (param.indexOf("-END EC PRIVATE KEY-") != -1 &&
1156         param.indexOf("4,ENCRYPTED") != -1) {
1157         var hKey = _KEYUTIL.getDecryptedKeyHex(param, passcode);
1158 
1159         var key = _getVbyList(hKey, 0, [1], "04");
1160         var curveNameOidHex = _getVbyList(hKey, 0, [2,0], "06");
1161         var pubkey = _getVbyList(hKey, 0, [3,0], "03").substr(2);
1162         var curveName = "";
1163 
1164         if (KJUR.crypto.OID.oidhex2name[curveNameOidHex] !== undefined) {
1165             curveName = KJUR.crypto.OID.oidhex2name[curveNameOidHex];
1166         } else {
1167             throw "undefined OID(hex) in KJUR.crypto.OID: " + curveNameOidHex;
1168         }
1169 
1170         var ec = new _KJUR_crypto_ECDSA({'curve': curveName});
1171         ec.setPublicKeyHex(pubkey);
1172         ec.setPrivateKeyHex(key);
1173         ec.isPublic = false;
1174         return ec;
1175     }
1176 
1177     // 11.3. private key by encrypted PKCS#5 PEM DSA string
1178     if (param.indexOf("-END DSA PRIVATE KEY-") != -1 &&
1179         param.indexOf("4,ENCRYPTED") != -1) {
1180         var hKey = _KEYUTIL.getDecryptedKeyHex(param, passcode);
1181         var p = _getVbyList(hKey, 0, [1], "02");
1182         var q = _getVbyList(hKey, 0, [2], "02");
1183         var g = _getVbyList(hKey, 0, [3], "02");
1184         var y = _getVbyList(hKey, 0, [4], "02");
1185         var x = _getVbyList(hKey, 0, [5], "02");
1186         var key = new _KJUR_crypto_DSA();
1187         key.setPrivate(new BigInteger(p, 16),
1188                        new BigInteger(q, 16),
1189                        new BigInteger(g, 16),
1190                        new BigInteger(y, 16),
1191                        new BigInteger(x, 16));
1192         return key;
1193     }
1194 
1195     // 11. private key by encrypted PKCS#8 hexadecimal RSA/ECDSA string
1196     if (param.indexOf("-END ENCRYPTED PRIVATE KEY-") != -1) {
1197         return _KEYUTIL.getKeyFromEncryptedPKCS8PEM(param, passcode);
1198     }
1199 
1200     throw new Error("not supported argument");
1201 };
1202 
1203 /**
1204  * @name generateKeypair
1205  * @memberOf KEYUTIL
1206  * @function
1207  * @static
1208  * @param {String} alg 'RSA' or 'EC'
1209  * @param {Object} keylenOrCurve key length for RSA or curve name for EC
1210  * @return {Array} associative array of keypair which has prvKeyObj and pubKeyObj parameters
1211  * @since keyutil 1.0.1
1212  * @description
1213  * This method generates a key pair of public key algorithm.
1214  * The result will be an associative array which has following
1215  * parameters:
1216  * <ul>
1217  * <li>prvKeyObj - RSAKey or ECDSA object of private key</li>
1218  * <li>pubKeyObj - RSAKey or ECDSA object of public key</li>
1219  * </ul>
1220  * NOTE1: As for RSA algoirthm, public exponent has fixed
1221  * value '0x10001'.
1222  * NOTE2: As for EC algorithm, supported names of curve are
1223  * secp256r1, secp256k1 and secp384r1.
1224  * NOTE3: DSA is not supported yet.
1225  * @example
1226  * var rsaKeypair = KEYUTIL.generateKeypair("RSA", 1024);
1227  * var ecKeypair = KEYUTIL.generateKeypair("EC", "secp256r1");
1228  *
1229  */
1230 KEYUTIL.generateKeypair = function(alg, keylenOrCurve) {
1231     if (alg == "RSA") {
1232         var keylen = keylenOrCurve;
1233         var prvKey = new RSAKey();
1234         prvKey.generate(keylen, '10001');
1235         prvKey.isPrivate = true;
1236         prvKey.isPublic = true;
1237         
1238         var pubKey = new RSAKey();
1239         var hN = prvKey.n.toString(16);
1240         var hE = prvKey.e.toString(16);
1241         pubKey.setPublic(hN, hE);
1242         pubKey.isPrivate = false;
1243         pubKey.isPublic = true;
1244         
1245         var result = {};
1246         result.prvKeyObj = prvKey;
1247         result.pubKeyObj = pubKey;
1248         return result;
1249     } else if (alg == "EC") {
1250         var curve = keylenOrCurve;
1251         var ec = new KJUR.crypto.ECDSA({curve: curve});
1252         var keypairHex = ec.generateKeyPairHex();
1253 
1254         var prvKey = new KJUR.crypto.ECDSA({curve: curve});
1255         prvKey.setPublicKeyHex(keypairHex.ecpubhex);
1256         prvKey.setPrivateKeyHex(keypairHex.ecprvhex);
1257         prvKey.isPrivate = true;
1258         prvKey.isPublic = false;
1259 
1260         var pubKey = new KJUR.crypto.ECDSA({curve: curve});
1261         pubKey.setPublicKeyHex(keypairHex.ecpubhex);
1262         pubKey.isPrivate = false;
1263         pubKey.isPublic = true;
1264 
1265         var result = {};
1266         result.prvKeyObj = prvKey;
1267         result.pubKeyObj = pubKey;
1268         return result;
1269     } else {
1270         throw "unknown algorithm: " + alg;
1271     }
1272 };
1273 
1274 /**
1275  * get PEM formatted private or public key file from a RSA/ECDSA/DSA key object
1276  * @name getPEM
1277  * @memberOf KEYUTIL
1278  * @function
1279  * @static
1280  * @param {Object} keyObjOrHex key object {@link RSAKey}, {@link KJUR.crypto.ECDSA} or {@link KJUR.crypto.DSA} to encode to
1281  * @param {String} formatType (OPTION) output format type of "PKCS1PRV", "PKCS5PRV" or "PKCS8PRV" for private key
1282  * @param {String} passwd (OPTION) password to protect private key
1283  * @param {String} encAlg (OPTION) encryption algorithm for PKCS#5. currently supports DES-CBC, DES-EDE3-CBC and AES-{128,192,256}-CBC
1284  * @param {String} hexType (OPTION) type of hex string (ex. pkcs5prv, pkcs8prv)
1285  * @param {String} ivsaltHex hexadecimal string of IV and salt (default generated random IV)
1286  * @since keyutil 1.0.4
1287  * @description
1288  * <dl>
1289  * <dt><b>NOTE1:</b>
1290  * <dd>
1291  * PKCS#5 encrypted private key protection algorithm supports DES-CBC, 
1292  * DES-EDE3-CBC and AES-{128,192,256}-CBC
1293  * <dt><b>NOTE2:</b>
1294  * <dd>
1295  * OpenSSL supports
1296  * <dt><b>NOTE3:</b>
1297  * <dd>
1298  * Parameter "ivsaltHex" supported since jsrsasign 8.0.0 keyutil 1.2.0.
1299  * </dl>
1300  * @example
1301  * KEUUTIL.getPEM(publicKey) => generates PEM PKCS#8 public key 
1302  * KEUUTIL.getPEM(privateKey, "PKCS1PRV") => generates PEM PKCS#1 plain private key
1303  * KEUUTIL.getPEM(privateKey, "PKCS5PRV", "pass") => generates PEM PKCS#5 encrypted private key 
1304  *                                                          with DES-EDE3-CBC (DEFAULT)
1305  * KEUUTIL.getPEM(privateKey, "PKCS5PRV", "pass", "DES-CBC") => generates PEM PKCS#5 encrypted 
1306  *                                                                 private key with DES-CBC
1307  * KEUUTIL.getPEM(privateKey, "PKCS8PRV") => generates PEM PKCS#8 plain private key
1308  * KEUUTIL.getPEM(privateKey, "PKCS8PRV", "pass") => generates PEM PKCS#8 encrypted private key
1309  *                                                      with PBKDF2_HmacSHA1_3DES
1310  */
1311 KEYUTIL.getPEM = function(keyObjOrHex, formatType, passwd, encAlg, hexType, ivsaltHex) {
1312     var _KJUR = KJUR,
1313 	_KJUR_asn1 = _KJUR.asn1,
1314 	_DERObjectIdentifier = _KJUR_asn1.DERObjectIdentifier,
1315 	_DERInteger = _KJUR_asn1.DERInteger,
1316 	_newObject = _KJUR_asn1.ASN1Util.newObject,
1317 	_KJUR_asn1_x509 = _KJUR_asn1.x509,
1318 	_SubjectPublicKeyInfo = _KJUR_asn1_x509.SubjectPublicKeyInfo,
1319 	_KJUR_crypto = _KJUR.crypto,
1320 	_DSA = _KJUR_crypto.DSA,
1321 	_ECDSA = _KJUR_crypto.ECDSA,
1322 	_RSAKey = RSAKey;
1323 
1324     function _rsaprv2asn1obj(keyObjOrHex) {
1325         var asn1Obj = _newObject({
1326             "seq": [
1327                 {"int": 0 },
1328                 {"int": {"bigint": keyObjOrHex.n}},
1329                 {"int": keyObjOrHex.e},
1330                 {"int": {"bigint": keyObjOrHex.d}},
1331                 {"int": {"bigint": keyObjOrHex.p}},
1332                 {"int": {"bigint": keyObjOrHex.q}},
1333                 {"int": {"bigint": keyObjOrHex.dmp1}},
1334                 {"int": {"bigint": keyObjOrHex.dmq1}},
1335                 {"int": {"bigint": keyObjOrHex.coeff}}
1336             ]
1337         });
1338         return asn1Obj;
1339     };
1340 
1341     function _ecdsaprv2asn1obj(keyObjOrHex) {
1342         var asn1Obj2 = _newObject({
1343             "seq": [
1344                 {"int": 1 },
1345                 {"octstr": {"hex": keyObjOrHex.prvKeyHex}},
1346                 {"tag": ['a0', true, {'oid': {'name': keyObjOrHex.curveName}}]},
1347                 {"tag": ['a1', true, {'bitstr': {'hex': '00' + keyObjOrHex.pubKeyHex}}]}
1348             ]
1349         });
1350         return asn1Obj2;
1351     };
1352 
1353     function _dsaprv2asn1obj(keyObjOrHex) {
1354         var asn1Obj = _newObject({
1355             "seq": [
1356                 {"int": 0 },
1357                 {"int": {"bigint": keyObjOrHex.p}},
1358                 {"int": {"bigint": keyObjOrHex.q}},
1359                 {"int": {"bigint": keyObjOrHex.g}},
1360                 {"int": {"bigint": keyObjOrHex.y}},
1361                 {"int": {"bigint": keyObjOrHex.x}}
1362             ]
1363         });
1364         return asn1Obj;
1365     };
1366 
1367     // 1. public key
1368 
1369     // x. PEM PKCS#8 public key of RSA/ECDSA/DSA public key object
1370     if (((_RSAKey !== undefined && keyObjOrHex instanceof _RSAKey) ||
1371          (_DSA !== undefined    && keyObjOrHex instanceof _DSA) ||
1372          (_ECDSA !== undefined  && keyObjOrHex instanceof _ECDSA)) &&
1373         keyObjOrHex.isPublic == true &&
1374         (formatType === undefined || formatType == "PKCS8PUB")) {
1375         var asn1Obj = new _SubjectPublicKeyInfo(keyObjOrHex);
1376         var asn1Hex = asn1Obj.getEncodedHex();
1377         return hextopem(asn1Hex, "PUBLIC KEY");
1378     }
1379     
1380     // 2. private
1381 
1382     // x. PEM PKCS#1 plain private key of RSA private key object
1383     if (formatType == "PKCS1PRV" &&
1384         _RSAKey !== undefined &&
1385         keyObjOrHex instanceof _RSAKey &&
1386         (passwd === undefined || passwd == null) &&
1387         keyObjOrHex.isPrivate  == true) {
1388 
1389         var asn1Obj = _rsaprv2asn1obj(keyObjOrHex);
1390         var asn1Hex = asn1Obj.getEncodedHex();
1391         return hextopem(asn1Hex, "RSA PRIVATE KEY");
1392     }
1393 
1394     // x. PEM PKCS#1 plain private key of ECDSA private key object
1395     if (formatType == "PKCS1PRV" &&
1396         _ECDSA !== undefined &&
1397         keyObjOrHex instanceof _ECDSA &&
1398         (passwd === undefined || passwd == null) &&
1399         keyObjOrHex.isPrivate  == true) {
1400 
1401         var asn1Obj1 = 
1402 	    new _DERObjectIdentifier({'name': keyObjOrHex.curveName});
1403         var asn1Hex1 = asn1Obj1.getEncodedHex();
1404         var asn1Obj2 = _ecdsaprv2asn1obj(keyObjOrHex);
1405         var asn1Hex2 = asn1Obj2.getEncodedHex();
1406 
1407         var s = "";
1408         s += hextopem(asn1Hex1, "EC PARAMETERS");
1409         s += hextopem(asn1Hex2, "EC PRIVATE KEY");
1410         return s;
1411     }
1412 
1413     // x. PEM PKCS#1 plain private key of DSA private key object
1414     if (formatType == "PKCS1PRV" &&
1415         _DSA !== undefined &&
1416         keyObjOrHex instanceof _DSA &&
1417         (passwd === undefined || passwd == null) &&
1418         keyObjOrHex.isPrivate  == true) {
1419 
1420         var asn1Obj = _dsaprv2asn1obj(keyObjOrHex);
1421         var asn1Hex = asn1Obj.getEncodedHex();
1422         return hextopem(asn1Hex, "DSA PRIVATE KEY");
1423     }
1424 
1425     // 3. private
1426 
1427     // x. PEM PKCS#5 encrypted private key of RSA private key object
1428     if (formatType == "PKCS5PRV" &&
1429         _RSAKey !== undefined &&
1430         keyObjOrHex instanceof _RSAKey &&
1431         (passwd !== undefined && passwd != null) &&
1432         keyObjOrHex.isPrivate  == true) {
1433 
1434         var asn1Obj = _rsaprv2asn1obj(keyObjOrHex);
1435         var asn1Hex = asn1Obj.getEncodedHex();
1436 
1437         if (encAlg === undefined) encAlg = "DES-EDE3-CBC";
1438         return this.getEncryptedPKCS5PEMFromPrvKeyHex("RSA", asn1Hex, passwd, encAlg, ivsaltHex);
1439     }
1440 
1441     // x. PEM PKCS#5 encrypted private key of ECDSA private key object
1442     if (formatType == "PKCS5PRV" &&
1443         _ECDSA !== undefined &&
1444         keyObjOrHex instanceof _ECDSA &&
1445         (passwd !== undefined && passwd != null) &&
1446         keyObjOrHex.isPrivate  == true) {
1447 
1448         var asn1Obj = _ecdsaprv2asn1obj(keyObjOrHex);
1449         var asn1Hex = asn1Obj.getEncodedHex();
1450 
1451         if (encAlg === undefined) encAlg = "DES-EDE3-CBC";
1452         return this.getEncryptedPKCS5PEMFromPrvKeyHex("EC", asn1Hex, passwd, encAlg, ivsaltHex);
1453     }
1454 
1455     // x. PEM PKCS#5 encrypted private key of DSA private key object
1456     if (formatType == "PKCS5PRV" &&
1457         _DSA !== undefined &&
1458         keyObjOrHex instanceof _DSA &&
1459         (passwd !== undefined && passwd != null) &&
1460         keyObjOrHex.isPrivate  == true) {
1461 
1462         var asn1Obj = _dsaprv2asn1obj(keyObjOrHex);
1463         var asn1Hex = asn1Obj.getEncodedHex();
1464 
1465         if (encAlg === undefined) encAlg = "DES-EDE3-CBC";
1466         return this.getEncryptedPKCS5PEMFromPrvKeyHex("DSA", asn1Hex, passwd, encAlg, ivsaltHex);
1467     }
1468 
1469     // x. ======================================================================
1470 
1471     var _getEncryptedPKCS8 = function(plainKeyHex, passcode) {
1472         var info = _getEencryptedPKCS8Info(plainKeyHex, passcode);
1473         //alert("iv=" + info.encryptionSchemeIV);
1474         //alert("info.ciphertext2[" + info.ciphertext.length + "=" + info.ciphertext);
1475         var asn1Obj = new _newObject({
1476             "seq": [
1477                 {"seq": [
1478                     {"oid": {"name": "pkcs5PBES2"}},
1479                     {"seq": [
1480                         {"seq": [
1481                             {"oid": {"name": "pkcs5PBKDF2"}},
1482                             {"seq": [
1483                                 {"octstr": {"hex": info.pbkdf2Salt}},
1484                                 {"int": info.pbkdf2Iter}
1485                             ]}
1486                         ]},
1487                         {"seq": [
1488                             {"oid": {"name": "des-EDE3-CBC"}},
1489                             {"octstr": {"hex": info.encryptionSchemeIV}}
1490                         ]}
1491                     ]}
1492                 ]},
1493                 {"octstr": {"hex": info.ciphertext}}
1494             ]
1495         });
1496         return asn1Obj.getEncodedHex();
1497     };
1498 
1499     var _getEencryptedPKCS8Info = function(plainKeyHex, passcode) {
1500         var pbkdf2Iter = 100;
1501         var pbkdf2SaltWS = CryptoJS.lib.WordArray.random(8);
1502         var encryptionSchemeAlg = "DES-EDE3-CBC";
1503         var encryptionSchemeIVWS = CryptoJS.lib.WordArray.random(8);
1504         // PBKDF2 key
1505         var pbkdf2KeyWS = CryptoJS.PBKDF2(passcode, 
1506                                           pbkdf2SaltWS, { "keySize": 192/32,
1507                                                           "iterations": pbkdf2Iter });
1508         // ENCRYPT
1509         var plainKeyWS = CryptoJS.enc.Hex.parse(plainKeyHex);
1510         var encryptedKeyHex = 
1511             CryptoJS.TripleDES.encrypt(plainKeyWS, pbkdf2KeyWS, { "iv": encryptionSchemeIVWS }) + "";
1512 
1513         //alert("encryptedKeyHex=" + encryptedKeyHex);
1514 
1515         var info = {};
1516         info.ciphertext = encryptedKeyHex;
1517         //alert("info.ciphertext=" + info.ciphertext);
1518         info.pbkdf2Salt = CryptoJS.enc.Hex.stringify(pbkdf2SaltWS);
1519         info.pbkdf2Iter = pbkdf2Iter;
1520         info.encryptionSchemeAlg = encryptionSchemeAlg;
1521         info.encryptionSchemeIV = CryptoJS.enc.Hex.stringify(encryptionSchemeIVWS);
1522         return info;
1523     };
1524 
1525     // x. PEM PKCS#8 plain private key of RSA private key object
1526     if (formatType == "PKCS8PRV" &&
1527         _RSAKey != undefined &&
1528         keyObjOrHex instanceof _RSAKey &&
1529         keyObjOrHex.isPrivate  == true) {
1530 
1531         var keyObj = _rsaprv2asn1obj(keyObjOrHex);
1532         var keyHex = keyObj.getEncodedHex();
1533 
1534         var asn1Obj = _newObject({
1535             "seq": [
1536                 {"int": 0},
1537                 {"seq": [{"oid": {"name": "rsaEncryption"}},{"null": true}]},
1538                 {"octstr": {"hex": keyHex}}
1539             ]
1540         });
1541         var asn1Hex = asn1Obj.getEncodedHex();
1542 
1543         if (passwd === undefined || passwd == null) {
1544             return hextopem(asn1Hex, "PRIVATE KEY");
1545         } else {
1546             var asn1Hex2 = _getEncryptedPKCS8(asn1Hex, passwd);
1547             return hextopem(asn1Hex2, "ENCRYPTED PRIVATE KEY");
1548         }
1549     }
1550 
1551     // x. PEM PKCS#8 plain private key of ECDSA private key object
1552     if (formatType == "PKCS8PRV" &&
1553         _ECDSA !== undefined &&
1554         keyObjOrHex instanceof _ECDSA &&
1555         keyObjOrHex.isPrivate  == true) {
1556 
1557         var keyObj = new _newObject({
1558             "seq": [
1559                 {"int": 1},
1560                 {"octstr": {"hex": keyObjOrHex.prvKeyHex}},
1561                 {"tag": ['a1', true, {"bitstr": {"hex": "00" + keyObjOrHex.pubKeyHex}}]}
1562             ]
1563         });
1564         var keyHex = keyObj.getEncodedHex();
1565 
1566         var asn1Obj = _newObject({
1567             "seq": [
1568                 {"int": 0},
1569                 {"seq": [
1570                     {"oid": {"name": "ecPublicKey"}},
1571                     {"oid": {"name": keyObjOrHex.curveName}}
1572                 ]},
1573                 {"octstr": {"hex": keyHex}}
1574             ]
1575         });
1576 
1577         var asn1Hex = asn1Obj.getEncodedHex();
1578         if (passwd === undefined || passwd == null) {
1579             return hextopem(asn1Hex, "PRIVATE KEY");
1580         } else {
1581             var asn1Hex2 = _getEncryptedPKCS8(asn1Hex, passwd);
1582             return hextopem(asn1Hex2, "ENCRYPTED PRIVATE KEY");
1583         }
1584     }
1585 
1586     // x. PEM PKCS#8 plain private key of DSA private key object
1587     if (formatType == "PKCS8PRV" &&
1588         _DSA !== undefined &&
1589         keyObjOrHex instanceof _DSA &&
1590         keyObjOrHex.isPrivate  == true) {
1591 
1592         var keyObj = new _DERInteger({'bigint': keyObjOrHex.x});
1593         var keyHex = keyObj.getEncodedHex();
1594 
1595         var asn1Obj = _newObject({
1596             "seq": [
1597                 {"int": 0},
1598                 {"seq": [
1599                     {"oid": {"name": "dsa"}},
1600                     {"seq": [
1601                         {"int": {"bigint": keyObjOrHex.p}},
1602                         {"int": {"bigint": keyObjOrHex.q}},
1603                         {"int": {"bigint": keyObjOrHex.g}}
1604                     ]}
1605                 ]},
1606                 {"octstr": {"hex": keyHex}}
1607             ]
1608         });
1609 
1610         var asn1Hex = asn1Obj.getEncodedHex();
1611         if (passwd === undefined || passwd == null) {
1612             return hextopem(asn1Hex, "PRIVATE KEY");
1613         } else {
1614             var asn1Hex2 = _getEncryptedPKCS8(asn1Hex, passwd);
1615             return hextopem(asn1Hex2, "ENCRYPTED PRIVATE KEY");
1616         }
1617     }
1618 
1619     throw new Error("unsupported object nor format");
1620 };
1621 
1622 // -- PUBLIC METHODS FOR CSR --------------------------------------------------
1623 
1624 /**
1625  * get RSAKey/DSA/ECDSA public key object from PEM formatted PKCS#10 CSR string
1626  * @name getKeyFromCSRPEM
1627  * @memberOf KEYUTIL
1628  * @function
1629  * @param {String} csrPEM PEM formatted PKCS#10 CSR string
1630  * @return {Object} RSAKey/DSA/ECDSA public key object
1631  * @since keyutil 1.0.5
1632  */
1633 KEYUTIL.getKeyFromCSRPEM = function(csrPEM) {
1634     var csrHex = pemtohex(csrPEM, "CERTIFICATE REQUEST");
1635     var key = KEYUTIL.getKeyFromCSRHex(csrHex);
1636     return key;
1637 };
1638 
1639 /**
1640  * get RSAKey/DSA/ECDSA public key object from hexadecimal string of PKCS#10 CSR
1641  * @name getKeyFromCSRHex
1642  * @memberOf KEYUTIL
1643  * @function
1644  * @param {String} csrHex hexadecimal string of PKCS#10 CSR
1645  * @return {Object} RSAKey/DSA/ECDSA public key object
1646  * @since keyutil 1.0.5
1647  */
1648 KEYUTIL.getKeyFromCSRHex = function(csrHex) {
1649     var info = KEYUTIL.parseCSRHex(csrHex);
1650     var key = KEYUTIL.getKey(info.p8pubkeyhex, null, "pkcs8pub");
1651     return key;
1652 };
1653 
1654 /**
1655  * parse hexadecimal string of PKCS#10 CSR (certificate signing request)
1656  * @name parseCSRHex
1657  * @memberOf KEYUTIL
1658  * @function
1659  * @param {String} csrHex hexadecimal string of PKCS#10 CSR
1660  * @return {Array} associative array of parsed CSR
1661  * @since keyutil 1.0.5
1662  * @description
1663  * Resulted associative array has following properties:
1664  * <ul>
1665  * <li>p8pubkeyhex - hexadecimal string of subject public key in PKCS#8</li>
1666  * </ul>
1667  */
1668 KEYUTIL.parseCSRHex = function(csrHex) {
1669     var _ASN1HEX = ASN1HEX;
1670     var _getChildIdx = _ASN1HEX.getChildIdx;
1671     var _getTLV = _ASN1HEX.getTLV;
1672     var result = {};
1673     var h = csrHex;
1674 
1675     // 1. sequence
1676     if (h.substr(0, 2) != "30")
1677         throw "malformed CSR(code:001)"; // not sequence
1678 
1679     var a1 = _getChildIdx(h, 0);
1680     if (a1.length < 1)
1681         throw "malformed CSR(code:002)"; // short length
1682 
1683     // 2. 2nd sequence
1684     if (h.substr(a1[0], 2) != "30")
1685         throw "malformed CSR(code:003)"; // not sequence
1686 
1687     var a2 = _getChildIdx(h, a1[0]);
1688     if (a2.length < 3)
1689         throw "malformed CSR(code:004)"; // 2nd seq short elem
1690 
1691     result.p8pubkeyhex = _getTLV(h, a2[2]);
1692 
1693     return result;
1694 };
1695 
1696 // -- OTHER STATIC PUBLIC METHODS  --------------------------------------------
1697 
1698 /**
1699  * get key ID by public key object for subject or authority key identifier
1700  * @name getKeyID
1701  * @memberof KEYUTIL
1702  * @function
1703  * @static
1704  * @param {Object} obj RSAKey/KJUR.crypto.ECDSA,DSA public key object or public key PEM string
1705  * @return hexadecimal string of public key identifier
1706  * @since keyutil 1.2.2 jsrsasign 5.0.16
1707  * @description
1708  * This static method generates a key identifier from a public key
1709  * by the method described in 
1710  * <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5280#section-4.2.1.2"
1711  * target="_blank">RFC 5280 4.2.1.2. Subject Key Identifier (1)</a>.
1712  * @example
1713  * pubkeyobj = KEYUTIL.getKey(...);
1714  * KEYTUTIL.getKey(pubkeyobj) → "a612..."
1715  */
1716 KEYUTIL.getKeyID = function(obj) {
1717     var _KEYUTIL = KEYUTIL;
1718     var _ASN1HEX = ASN1HEX;
1719 
1720     if (typeof obj  === "string" && obj.indexOf("BEGIN ") != -1) {
1721 	obj = _KEYUTIL.getKey(obj);
1722     }
1723 
1724     var p8hex = pemtohex(_KEYUTIL.getPEM(obj));
1725     var idx = _ASN1HEX.getIdxbyList(p8hex, 0, [1]); // BITSTRING
1726     var hV = _ASN1HEX.getV(p8hex, idx).substring(2); // value without unused bit
1727     return KJUR.crypto.Util.hashHex(hV, "sha1");
1728 }
1729 
1730 /**
1731  * convert from RSAKey/KJUR.crypto.ECDSA public/private key object to RFC 7517 JSON Web Key(JWK)
1732  * @name getJWKFromKey
1733  * @memberOf KEYUTIL
1734  * @function
1735  * @static
1736  * @param {Object} RSAKey/KJUR.crypto.ECDSA public/private key object
1737  * @return {Object} JWK object
1738  * @since keyutil 1.0.13 jsrsasign 5.0.14
1739  * @description
1740  * This static method convert from RSAKey/KJUR.crypto.ECDSA public/private key object 
1741  * to RFC 7517 JSON Web Key(JWK)
1742  * @example
1743  * kp1 = KEYUTIL.generateKeypair("EC", "P-256");
1744  * jwkPrv1 = KEYUTIL.getJWKFromKey(kp1.prvKeyObj);
1745  * jwkPub1 = KEYUTIL.getJWKFromKey(kp1.pubKeyObj);
1746  *
1747  * kp2 = KEYUTIL.generateKeypair("RSA", 2048);
1748  * jwkPrv2 = KEYUTIL.getJWKFromKey(kp2.prvKeyObj);
1749  * jwkPub2 = KEYUTIL.getJWKFromKey(kp2.pubKeyObj);
1750  *
1751  * // if you need RFC 7638 JWK thumprint as kid do like this:
1752  * jwkPub2.kid = KJUR.jws.JWS.getJWKthumbprint(jwkPub2);
1753  */
1754 KEYUTIL.getJWKFromKey = function(keyObj) {
1755     var jwk = {};
1756     if (keyObj instanceof RSAKey && keyObj.isPrivate) {
1757 	jwk.kty = "RSA";
1758 	jwk.n = hextob64u(keyObj.n.toString(16));
1759 	jwk.e = hextob64u(keyObj.e.toString(16));
1760 	jwk.d = hextob64u(keyObj.d.toString(16));
1761 	jwk.p = hextob64u(keyObj.p.toString(16));
1762 	jwk.q = hextob64u(keyObj.q.toString(16));
1763 	jwk.dp = hextob64u(keyObj.dmp1.toString(16));
1764 	jwk.dq = hextob64u(keyObj.dmq1.toString(16));
1765 	jwk.qi = hextob64u(keyObj.coeff.toString(16));
1766 	return jwk;
1767     } else if (keyObj instanceof RSAKey && keyObj.isPublic) {
1768 	jwk.kty = "RSA";
1769 	jwk.n = hextob64u(keyObj.n.toString(16));
1770 	jwk.e = hextob64u(keyObj.e.toString(16));
1771 	return jwk;
1772     } else if (keyObj instanceof KJUR.crypto.ECDSA && keyObj.isPrivate) {
1773 	var name = keyObj.getShortNISTPCurveName();
1774 	if (name !== "P-256" && name !== "P-384")
1775 	    throw "unsupported curve name for JWT: " + name;
1776 	var xy = keyObj.getPublicKeyXYHex();
1777 	jwk.kty = "EC";
1778 	jwk.crv =  name;
1779 	jwk.x = hextob64u(xy.x);
1780 	jwk.y = hextob64u(xy.y);
1781 	jwk.d = hextob64u(keyObj.prvKeyHex);
1782 	return jwk;
1783     } else if (keyObj instanceof KJUR.crypto.ECDSA && keyObj.isPublic) {
1784 	var name = keyObj.getShortNISTPCurveName();
1785 	if (name !== "P-256" && name !== "P-384")
1786 	    throw "unsupported curve name for JWT: " + name;
1787 	var xy = keyObj.getPublicKeyXYHex();
1788 	jwk.kty = "EC";
1789 	jwk.crv =  name;
1790 	jwk.x = hextob64u(xy.x);
1791 	jwk.y = hextob64u(xy.y);
1792 	return jwk;
1793     }
1794     throw "not supported key object";
1795 };
1796 
1797 
1798